(a) All premiums paid for coverages within this state to risk retention groups shall be subject to taxation at the rate of 4 percent on all premiums paid or due and payable during the preceding quarter, less return premium. Risk retention groups shall be subject to interest, fines, and penalties for nonpayment or nonreporting as provided in Code Section 33-5-32 for surplus lines brokers.

(b) To the extent agents or brokers are utilized, they shall report and pay the taxes for the premiums for risks which they have placed with or on behalf of a risk retention group not chartered in this state.

(c) To the extent agents or brokers are not utilized or fail to pay the tax, each risk retention group shall pay the tax for risks insured within the state. Further, each risk retention group shall report all premiums paid to it for risks insured within the state.